In disaster recovery planning, which elements are commonly included?

• A. Marketing campaigns and branding.
• B. Code refactoring and optimization.
• C. Backups, failover, incident response, and recovery procedures.
• D. Front-end redesigns.

Answer: (C)

Disaster recovery planning focuses on how to keep critical operations running or quickly resume them after a disruption. The essential elements include backups to protect and restore data to a known good state; failover mechanisms that keep services available by switching to a standby system or site when the primary path fails; incident response processes that detect, assess, contain, and communicate about the event; and recovery procedures that lay out the exact steps, responsibilities, and timelines to bring systems and operations back to normal. Together, these components address data protection, availability, timely response, and restoration of operations after an incident. Activities like marketing campaigns, code refactoring, or front-end redesigns don’t address recovery from disruptions and thus don’t fit the goal of disaster recovery planning.